Anhydrous cosmetic compositions

ABSTRACT

An anhydrous skin treatment composition is provided which includes a crosslinked siloxane elastomer gel of specific yield point, a skin conditioning agent and a volatile siloxane. Inclusions of the select elastomers provide improved uniform distribution of the pigments.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/217,040, filed Jul. 10, 2000.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to anhydrous cosmetic compositions comprisingelastomeric silicones of specific particle size and viscosity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Emollients including organic esters and hydrocarbons, especiallypetrolatum, have long been used medicinally as skin conditioning agents.These substances are second only to water as moisturizing ingredients ofchoice. They function primarily as an occlusive barrier. The watercontent of the outer layers of human skin stratum corneum is acontrolling factor in the appearance of dry skin symptoms. When thestratum corneum contains an adequate amount of water within the range often to twenty percent, the skin remains flexible. However, when thewater content falls below ten percent the stratum corneum often becomesbrittle and rough and can exhibit scaling and cracking.

The stratum corneum receives its water from the deep layers of theepidermis by diffusion or when it is brought into direct contact withwater. The diffusion process is controlled by the water content of theskin as well as the concentration gradient. In a very dry environment,the water loss from the external skin layers can be significant andoften exceeds the rate of replacement by diffusion. An occlusive orsemi-occlusive barrier substance placed on the surface of the skin actsto retard water loss to the environment. It also allows the skin surfaceto rehydrate via a diffusion mechanism.

While there are many effective and economical skin-conditioning agents,they nevertheless suffer from certain disadvantages.

Often the emollient types are delivered as water-in-oil emulsions. It isdifficult to attain the critical formula balance between oil and waterphases to an extent sufficient to ensure long-term storage stability.One part of this critical balance is the internal phase volume. Acritical volume must be obtained to maximize the chemical and physicalinteractions that produce and stabilize the system. If this criticalvolume is not balanced properly the product may suffer from viscositychange and eventual phase separation. Usually the optimum volume isquite large which limits the external phase volume size, and gives thesystem a draggy unfavorable slow break attribute. This critical internalphase volume restriction can reduce functionality and add unfavorablefeel characteristics.

Anhydrous systems avoid emulsion stability problems. Unfortunately otheraesthetic issues arise with anhydrous systems. Not all oily phasematerials are compatible at high concentration. Moreover, occlusiveagents such as petrolatum are relatively greasy. They suffer thedisadvantage of transfer onto clothing and are not easily removed fromthe skin by washing with soap. Neither do they allow for adequatepenetration into the epidermis.

New systems are needed which avoid such problems as greasy feel andwhich address the “transfer” typically associated with anhydrousproducts.

Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is to provide cosmeticcompositions that are anhydrous yet provides improved skin-feelproperties.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a skin treatmentcomposition that has stability against phase separation even underfreeze/thaw cycling.

Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a skintreatment composition which achieves a smooth non-draggy rub-in uponinitial application to the skin and which is not easily removed from theskin with water.

These and other aspects of the present invention will become morereadily apparent from consideration of the following summary anddetailed description.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to anhydrous cosmetic compositionscomprising:

(i) at least one fatty or oil phase comprising:

(a) from about 0.1 to about 10% of non-spherical crosslinked siloxaneelastomer having a particle size of from above 10 to about 200 micronswherein the crosslinked siloxane elastomer is capable of swelling andabsorbing greater than 30% by weight of a solvent fluid;

(b) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gel with the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer having yield point of at least 50 Pa;

(ii) from about 0.1% to about 10% of an emulsifier;

(iii) from about 0.1% to about 50% of a humectant;

(iv) optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent;

(v) from about 0.1% to about 30% pigment; and

(vi) from 0 to about 5% water

wherein the composition has a yield point of from about 100, preferablyfrom about 400, to about 4000, preferably to about 2000 Pa and whereinthe oil or fatty phase of the composition contains less than 10% byweight solids or solid materials and further wherein the gel formed bythe solvent and crosslinked siloxane elastomer provides an even, uniformdistribution of the pigments in the film and, prior to film drying, thepigments are embedded in the film. Preferably, the compositions areopaque and preferably comprise a cosmetic base for the siliconeelastomer gel that is substantially free of silicone oil.

Also claimed herein are anhydrous cosmetic compositions comprising:

(i) at least one fatty or oil phase comprising:

(a) from about 0.1 to about 10% of non-spherical crosslinked siloxaneelastomer having a viscosity of from above 20,000 to about 6,000,000 cpswherein the crosslinked siloxane elastomer is capable of swelling andabsorbing greater than 30% by weight of a solvent fluid;

(b) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gel with the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer having yield point of at least 50 Pa;

(ii) from about 0.1% to about 10% of an emulsifier;

(iii) from about 0.1% to about 50% of a humectant;

(iv) optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent;

(v) from about 0. 1% to about 30% pigment; and

(vi) from 0 to about 5% water

wherein the composition has a yield point of from about 100, preferablyfrom about 400, to about 4000, preferably to about 2000 Pa and whereinthe oil or fatty phase of the composition contains less than 10% byweight solids or solid materials and further wherein the gel formed bythe solvent and crosslinked siloxane elastomer provides an even, uniformdistribution of the pigments in the film and, prior to film drying, thepigments are embedded in the film such that substantially no pigmentresides on or protrudes through the surface of the film.

Also disclosed herein are cosmetic compositions comprising:

(i) from about 0.1% to about 15% of crosslinked siloxane elastomerhaving an average particle size less than 20 microns;

(ii) from about 10 to about 80% of a solvent for the crosslinkedsiloxane elastomer;

(iii)optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioning agent; and

(iv) optionally, from above about 0 to about 95% of water

wherein the composition contains at least about 1% airs

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As used herein, the term “cosmetics” includes make-up, foundation, andskin care products. The term “make-up” refers to products that leavecolor on the face, including foundation, blacks and browns, i.e.,mascara, concealers, eye liners, brow colors, eye shadows, blushers, lipcolors, powders, solid emulsion compact, and so forth. “Skin careproducts” are those used to treat or care for, or somehow moisturize,improve, or clean the skin. Products contemplated by the phrase “skincare products” include, but are not limited to, adhesives, bandages,toothpaste, anhydrous occlusive moisturizers, antiperspirants,deodorants, personal cleansing products, powder laundry detergent,fabric softener towels, occlusive drug delivery patches, nail polish,powders, tissues, wipes, hair conditioners-anhydrous, shaving creams,antiwrinkle or line-minimizing products and the like. The term“foundation” refers to liquid, creme, mousse, pancake, compact,concealer or like product created or reintroduced by cosmetic companiesto even out the overall coloring of the skin. Foundation is manufacturedto work better over moisturized and/or oiled skin. The compositions ofthe present invention also provide good make-up removal. As used herein,“excess moisture” means an undesirable and/or unhealthy level of bodilyfluids deposited on human skin. The compositions of the presentinvention are especially useful in removal make-up compositions such asthat disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,019,962 to Rabe et al., which patentis herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The term “ambient conditions” as used herein refers to surroundingconditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about 50% relativehumidity, and at about 25° C., unless otherwise specified.

The term “yield point,” as used herein is non-directional and refers toinitial resistance to flow under applied stress; and is measured usingHaake Controlled Stress Rheometer RS150 with a 35 mm/4 deg. cone andplate.

The term “solids” or “solid material”, as used herein refers toelastomeric organopolysiloxane particles and spherical particles.

The term “opaque” refers to a composition that is impervious to visiblelight. An opaque composition lacks any degree of transparency.

By the phrase “substantially free of silicone oil,” as it relates to thecosmetic base of the present invention, means that the cosmetic base,into which the silicone elastomer gel is incorporated, contains lessthan about 5% silicone oil, preferably less than 3% silicone oil, morepreferably less than 1% silicone oil, optimally less than 0.1% siliconeoil, by weight of the total composition or composition as a whole.

The phrase “cosmetic base” refers to a vehicle or cosmeticallyacceptable carrier for the components of the present invention.

The term “cosmetically acceptable carrier” refers to a vehicle, forcosmetic use, which vehicle delivers the components (together with anyskin care actives) to the intended target and which will not cause harmto humans or other recipient organisms. As used herein, “cosmetic” willbe understood to encompass both human and animal cosmetics.

As used herein the term “comprising” means that the composition cancontain other ingredients which are compatible with the composition andwhich preferably do not substantially disrupt the compositions of thepresent invention. The term encompasses the terms “consisting of” and“consisting essentially of”.

Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages and ratios used herein areby weight of the total composition. All weight percentages, unlessotherwise indicated, are on an actives weight basis. All measurementsmade are at 25° C., unless otherwise designated.

Crosslinked Siloxane Elastomer

An essential component of the present invention is a crosslinkedorganopolysiloxane elastomer. No specific restriction exists as to thetype of curable organopolysiloxane composition that can serve as thestarting material for the crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer.Examples in this respect are addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxanecompositions which cure under platinum metal catalysis by the additionreaction between SiH-containing diorganopolysiloxane andorganopolysiloxane having silicon-bonded vinyl groups;condensation-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which cure in thepresence of an organotin compound by a dehydrogenation reaction betweenhydroxyl-terminated diorganopolysiloxane and SiH-containingdiorganopolysiloxane; condensation-curing organopolysiloxanecompositions which cure in the presence of an organotin compound or atitanate ester, by a condensation reaction between anhydroxyl-terminated diorganopolysiloxane and a hydrolyzable organosilane(this condensation reaction is exemplified by dehydration,alcohol-liberating, oxime-liberating, amine-liberating,amide-liberating, carboxyl-liberating, and ketone-liberating reactions);peroxide-curing organopolysiloxane compositions which thermally cure inthe presence of an organoperoxide catalyst; and organopolysiloxanecompositions which are cured by high-energy radiation, such as bygamma-rays, ultraviolet radiation, or electron beams.

Addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxane compositions are preferredfor their rapid curing rates and excellent uniformity of curing. Aparticularly preferred addition reaction-curing organopolysiloxanecomposition is prepared from:

(A) an organopolysiloxane having at least 2 lower alkenyl groups in eachmolecule;

(B) an organopolysiloxane having at least 2 silicon-bonded hydrogenatoms in each molecule; and

(C) a platinum-type catalyst.

With regard to the above, component (A) is the basic component of thesilicone elastomer-generating organopolysiloxane, and curing proceeds bythe addition reaction of this component with component (B) undercatalysis by component (C). This component (A) must contain at least 2silicon-bonded lower alkenyl groups in each molecule; an excellent curedproduct will not be obtained at fewer than two lower alkenyl groupsbecause a network structure will not be formed. Said lower alkenylgroups are exemplified by vinyl, allyl, and propenyl. While the loweralkenyl groups can be present at any position in the molecule, theirpresence at the molecular terminals is preferred. The molecularstructure of this component may be straight chain, branched straightchain, cyclic, or network, but a straight chain, possibly slightlybranched, is preferred. The molecular weight of the component is notspecifically restricted, and thus the viscosity may range from lowviscosity liquids to very high viscosity gums. In order for the curedproduct to be obtained in the form of the rubbery elastomer, it ispreferred that the viscosity at 25° C. be at least 100 centistokes.These organopolysiloxanes are exemplified by methylvinylsiloxanes,methylvinylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymers,dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated dimethylpolysiloxanes,dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminated dimethylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxanecopolymers, dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminateddimethylsiloxane-diphenylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers,trimethylsiloxy-terminated dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxanecopolymers, trimethylsiloxy-terminateddimethylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers,dimethylvinylsiloxy-terminatedmethyl(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)polysiloxanes, anddimethylvinylsiloxy-terminateddimethylsiloxane-methyl(3,3,-trifluoropropyl)siloxane copolymers.

Component (B) is an organopolysiloxane having at least 2 silicon-bondedhydrogen atoms in each molecule and is a crosslinker for component (A).Curing proceeds by the addition reaction of the silicon-bonded hydrogenatoms in this component with the lower alkenyl groups in component (A)under catalysis by component (C). This component (B) must contain atleast 2 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in each molecule in order tofunction as a crosslinker. Furthermore, the sum of the number of alkenylgroups in each molecule of component (A) and the number ofsilicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in each molecule of component (B) is to beat least 5. Values below 5 should be avoided because a network structureis then essentially not formed.

No specific restriction exists on the molecular structure of thiscomponent, and it may be any of straight chain, branch-containingstraight chain, cyclic, etc. The molecular weight of this component isnot specifically restricted, but it is preferred that the viscosity at25° C. be 1 to 50,000 centistokes in order to obtain good miscibilitywith component (A). It is preferred that this component be added in aquantity such that the molar ratio between the total quantity ofsilicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in the instant component and the totalquantity of all lower alkenyl groups in component (A) falls within therange of 1.5:1 to 20:1. It is difficult to obtain good curing propertieswhen this molar ratio falls below 0.5:1. When 20:1 is exceeded, there isa tendency for the hardness to increase to high levels when the curedproduct is heated. Furthermore, when an organosiloxane containingsubstantial alkenyl is supplementarily added for the purpose of; forexample, reinforcement, it is preferred that a supplemental addition ofthe instant SiH-containing component be made in a quantity offsettingthese alkenyl groups. This component is concretely exemplified bytrimethylsiloxy-terminated methylhydrogenpolysiloxanes,trimethylsiloxy-terminated dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxanecopolymers, and dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogen-siloxane cycliccopolymers.

Component (C) is a catalyst of the addition reaction of silicon-bondedhydrogen atoms and alkenyl groups, and is concretely exemplified bychloroplatinic acid, possibly dissolved in an alcohol or ketone and thissolution optionally aged, chloroplatinic acid-olefin complexes,chloroplatinic acid-alkenylsiloxane complexes, chloroplatinicacid-diketone complexes, platinum black, and carrier-supported platinum.

This component is added preferably at 0.1 to 1,000 weight parts, andmore preferably at 1 to 100 weight parts, as platinum-type metal properper 1,000,000 weight parts of the total quantity of components (A) plus(B). Other organic groups which may be bonded to silicon in theorganopolysiloxane forming the basis for the above-described curableorganopolysiloxane compositions are, for example, alkyl groups such asmethyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and octyl; substituted alkyl groups suchas 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenylpropyl, and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl; aryl groupssuch as phenyl, tolyl, and xylyl; substituted aryl groups such asphenylethyl; and monovalent hydrocarbon groups substituted by, forexample, the epoxy group, the carboxylate ester group, the mercaptogroup, etc.

Examples of the production of the organopolysiloxane elastomer powderare as follows: an organopolysiloxane composition as described above(additional-curable, condensation-curable, or peroxide-curable) is mixedwith water in the presence of a surfactant (nonionic, anionic, cationic,or amphoteric), and, after mixing to homogeneity in a homomixer, colloidmill, homogenizer, propeller mixer, etc., this is cured by dischargeinto hot water (temperature at least 50° C.) and is then dried; theorganopolysiloxane composition (addition-curable, condensation-curable,or peroxide-curable) is cured by spraying it directly into a heatedcurrent; the powder is obtained by curing a radiation-curableorganopolysiloxane composition by spraying it under high energyradiation; the organopolysiloxane composition (addition-curable,condensation-curable, peroxide-curable) or high energy-curableorganopolysiloxane composition is cured, the latter by high energyradiation, and the product is then pulverized using a known pulverizersuch as, for example, a ball mill, atomizer, kneader, roll mill, etc.,to thereby form the powder. Suitable organopolysiloxane elastomerpowders include vinyl dimethicone/methicone silesquioxane crosspolymerslike Shin-Etsu's KSP-100, KSP-101, KSP-102, KSP-103, KSP-104, KSP-105,hybrid silicone powders that contain a fluoroalkyl group likeShin-Etsu's KSP-200, and hybrid silicone powders that contain a phenylgroup such as Shin-Etsu's KSP-300; and Dow Coming's DC 9506.

Preferred organopolysiloxane compositions are dimethicone/vinyldimethicone crosspolymers. Such dimethicone/vinyl dimethiconecrosspolymers are supplied by a variety of suppliers including DowComing (DC 9040 and DC 9041), General Electric (SFE 839), Shin Etsu(KSG-15, 16, 18 [dimethicone/phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer]),Grant Industries (Gransil™ line of materials), and lauryldimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers supplied by Shin Etsu (e.g.,KSG-31, KSG-32, KSG-41, KSG-42, KSG-43, and KSG-44). Cross-linkedorganopolysiloxane elastomers useful in the present invention andprocesses for making them are further described in U.S. Pat. No.4,970,252 to Sakuta et al., issued Nov. 3, 1990; U.S. Pat. No. 5,760,116to Kilgour et al., issued Jun. 2, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362 toSchulz, Jr. et al. issued Aug. 5, 1997; and Japanese Patent ApplicationJP 61-18708, assigned to Pola Kasei Kogyo KK, each of which are hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety. Silicone elastomers of thetype described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,412,004 (issued May 2, 1995);5,837,793 (issued Jan. 17, 1998); and 5,811,487 (issued Sep. 22, 1998),all of which patents are herein incorporated by reference in theirentirety, are also useful herein. Preferably the elastomers of thepresent invention are cured under anhydrous conditions or in ananhydrous environment.

The cross-linked organopolysiloxane elastomers of the present inventionare preferably further processed by subjecting them to a high shear(approximately 5,000 psi) treatment in the presence of a solvent for thesiloxane elastomer via a Sonolator at less than 10 passes. Sonolationachieves a resultant composition with elastomer average particle sizeranging from above 10 (or above about 10) microns to about 200 microns,preferably from about 20 to about 150 microns, more preferably fromabove 30 (or above about 30) to about 100 microns, most preferably fromabout 40 microns to about 95 microns, and, optimally, from above 50microns to about 90 microns as measured by the Horiba LA-910 (describedbelow). As used herein, the term “particle size” of the elastomerrepresents the elastomer particle size in its swelled state. By“swelled,” as used herein, means that the elastomer particles haveextended beyond their normal size and shape by virtue of theirabsorption of the solvent compound. Viscosity is best when rangingbetween above 20,000 (or above about 20,000) and about 6,000,000,preferably from about 30,000 to about 4,000,000, more preferably fromabout 40,000 to about 3,000,000, most preferably from about 60,000 toabout 2,000,000, optimally about 70,000 to about 1,500,000 cps at 25° C.as measured by a Brookfield LV Viscometer (size 4 bar, 60 rpm, 0.3sec.).

Without being limited by theory, the present inventors believe thatcompositions incorporating elastomer/solvent gels where the elastomerhas an average particle size greater than 10 microns (or greater thanabout 10 microns) and/or viscosities greater than 20,000 cps providefilms having improved smoothness as well as improved uniformity andevenness of particle (e.g., pigments) distribution within the film(i.e., solid particles remain distributed within and throughout the filmas opposed to such particles protruding from the film into and/or acrossthe film/air interface).

Preferably, the cross-linked organopolysiloxane elastomers do notundergo recycled processing. Without being limited by theory, recycledprocessing produces broad particle size distributions comprisingparticles larger or smaller than that necessary to achieve the skin feelbenefits of the present invention. Specifically, gel balls often resultfrom silicone elastomer particles larger than 200 microns whileelastomer particles smaller than 10 microns reduce skin feel andviscosity benefits. Such particle size distributions result from afailure to ensure that all of the elastomer particle materialsexperience the same shear throughout the process. Typically, withrecycling, only a portion of the particles experience shear before thesesheared particles are returned to the process starting point andcombined with the remaining un-sheared particles. Similarly, the nextcycle begins with only a portion of this particle mixture experiencingshear before the newly sheared mixture particles are returned to theprocess starting point and combined with the remaining un-shearedparticle mixture. Importantly, even after considerable recycling, someof the particles never actually experience shear while others experiencea high degree of shear. The result is a particle size range thatencompasses particles both larger and smaller than those necessary toachieve the present invention.

In contrast, discrete pass processing, as alluded to above, ensures thatall the particles experience shear as well as the same amount of shearwith each run or pass. More specifically, no run or pass is completeduntil all the particles have experienced the same shear force.Consequently, the particle size distribution is narrower than thatproduced by “recycling” with respect to specific particle sizes. Thisresults in a better balance between gel ball formation and viscosity aswell as skin feel and viscosity.

Preferably the crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer isnon-emulsifying. The term “non-emulsifying,” as used herein, definescrosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer from which polyoxyalkyleneunits are absent.

Preferably the cross-linked siloxane elastomer is non-spherical. By theterm “non-spherical” as used herein means that the siloxane elastomerparticles are not spherical, and preferably not spheroidal. Withoutbeing limited by theory, the present inventors believe that sphericalparticles fail to provide the rheology and film properties necessary toachieve the benefits of the present invention. Specifically, whenforming the gel matrix or network, spherical particles do not swell tothe extent and/or pack as tightly as non-spherical particles.

Amounts of the elastomer may range from about 0.1 to about 10%,optimally from about 1 to about 8%, most preferably from about 3 toabout 6% by weight.

Solvent for the Crosslinked Siloxane Elastomer

The compositions of the present invention comprise a solvent for thecrosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomer described hereinbefore. Thesolvent, when combined with the cross-linked organopolysiloxaneelastomer particles, serves to suspend and swell the elastomer particlesto provide an elastic, gel-like network or matrix. The solvent for thecross-linked siloxane elastomer is liquid under ambient conditions, andpreferably has a low viscosity to provide for improved spreading on theskin.

Concentrations of the solvent in the cosmetic compositions of thepresent invention will vary primarily with the type and amount ofsolvent and the cross-linked siloxane elastomer employed. Preferredconcentrations of the solvent are from about 10% to about 90%,preferably from about 20% to about 80%, more preferably from about 30%to about 70%, by weight of the composition.

The solvent for the cross-linked siloxane elastomer comprises one ormore liquid carriers suitable for topical application to human skin.These liquid carriers may be organic, silicone-containing orfluorine-containing, volatile or non-volatile, polar or non-polar,provided that the liquid carrier forms a solution or other homogenousliquid or liquid dispersion with the selected cross-linked siloxaneelastomer at the selected siloxane elastomer concentration at atemperature of from about 28° C. to about 250° C., preferably from about28° C. to about 100° C., preferably from about 28° C. to about 780C. Thesolvent for the cross-linked siloxane elastomer preferably has asolubility parameter of from about 3 to about 13 (cal/cm³)^(0.5), morepreferably from about 5 to about 11 (cal/cm³ )^(0.5), most preferablyfrom about 5 to about 9 (cal/cm³)^(0.5). Solubility parameters for theliquid carriers or other materials, and means for determining suchparameters, are well known in the chemical arts. A description ofsolubility parameters and means for determining them are described by C.D. Vaughan, “Solubility Effects in Product, Package, Penetration andPreservation” 103 Cosmetics and Toiletries 47-69, October 1988; and C.D. Vaughan, “Using Solubility Parameters in Cosmetics Formulation”, 36J. Soc. Cosmetic Chemists 319-333, September/October, 1988, whicharticles are incorporated herein by reference.

The solvent preferably includes volatile, non-polar oils; non-volatile,relatively polar oils; non-volatile, non-polar oils; and non-volatileparaffinic hydrocarbon oils; each discussed more fully hereinafter. Theterm “non-volatile” as used herein refers to materials which exhibit avapor pressure of no more than about 0.2 mm Hg at 25° C. at oneatmosphere and/or to materials which have a boiling point at oneatmosphere of at least about 300° C. The term “volatile” as used hereinrefers to all materials that are not “non-volatile” as previouslydefined herein. The phrase “relatively polar” as used herein means morepolar than another material in terms of solubility parameter; i.e., thehigher the solubility parameter the more polar the liquid. The term“non-polar” typically means that the material has a solubility parameterbelow about 6.5 (cal/cm³ )^(0.5).

1. Non-polar, Volatile Oils

The non-polar, volatile oil tends to impart highly desirable aestheticproperties to the compositions of the present invention. Consequently,the non-polar, volatile oils are preferably utilized at a fairly highlevel. Non-polar, volatile oils particularly useful in the presentinvention are selected from the group consisting of silicone oils;hydrocarbons; and mixtures thereof. Such non-polar, volatile oils aredisclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1,27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972. The non-polar, volatile oilsuseful in the present invention may be either saturated or unsaturated,have an aliphatic character and be straight or branched chained orcontain alicyclic or aromatic rings. Examples of preferred non-polar,volatile hydrocarbons include polydecanes such as isododecane andisodecane (e.g., Permethyl-99A which is available from Presperse Inc.)and the C7-C8 through C12-C15 isoparaffins (such as the Isopar Seriesavailable from Exxon Chemicals). Non-polar, volatile liquid siliconeoils are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,781,917 issued to Luebbe et al. onNov. 1, 1988, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.Additionally, a description of various volatile silicones materials isfound in Todd et al., “Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics”,Cosmetics and Toiletries, 91:27-32 (1976), herein incorporated byreference in its entirety. Particularly preferred volatile silicone oilsare selected from the group consisting of cyclic volatile siliconescorresponding to the formula:

wherein n is from about 3 to about 7; and linear volatile siliconescorresponding to the formula:

(CH₃)₃ Si—O—[Si(CH₃)₂—O]_(m)—Si(CH₃)₃

wherein m is from about 1 to about 7. Linear volatile siliconesgenerally have a viscosity of less than about 5 centistokes at 25° C.,whereas the cyclic silicones have viscosities of less than about 10centistokes at 25° C. Highly preferred examples of volatile siliconeoils include cyclomethicones of varying viscosities, e.g., Dow Corning200, Dow Coming 244, Dow Corning 245, Dow Coming 344, and Dow Coming345, (commercially available from Dow Coming Corp.); SF-1204 and SF-1202Silicone Fluids (commercially available from G.E. Silicones), GE 7207and 7158 (commercially available from General Electric Co.); andSWS-03314 (commercially available from SWS Silicones Corp.).

2. Relatively Polar, Non-volatile oils

The non-volatile oil is “relatively polar” as compared to the non-polar,volatile oil discussed above. Therefore, the non-volatile co-solvent ismore polar (i.e., has a higher solubility parameter) than at least oneof the non-polar, volatile oils. Relatively polar, non-volatile oilspotentially useful in the present invention are disclosed, for example,in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1, 27-104 edited by Balsamand Sagarin, 1972; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,202,879 issued to Shelton on May 13,1980; and 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al. on Mar. 28, 1989, all ofwhich are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. Relativelypolar, non-volatile oils useful in the present invention are preferablyselected from the group consisting of silicone oils; hydrocarbon oils;fatty alcohols; fatty acids; esters of mono and dibasic carboxylic acidswith mono and polyhydric alcohols; polyoxyethylenes; polyoxypropylenes;mixtures of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene ethers of fattyalcohols; and mixtures thereof. The relatively polar, non-volatileco-solvents useful in the present invention may be either saturated orunsaturated, have an aliphatic character and be straight or branchedchained or contain alicyclic or aromatic rings. More preferably, therelatively polar, non-volatile liquid co-solvent are selected from thegroup consisting of fatty alcohols having from about 12-26 carbon atoms;fatty acids having from about 12-26 carbon atoms; esters of monobasiccarboxylic acids and alcohols having from about 14-30 carbon atoms;esters of dibasic carboxylic acids and alcohols having from about 10-30carbon atoms; esters of polyhydric alcohols and carboxylic acids havingfrom about 5-26 carbon atoms; ethoxylated, propoxylated, and mixtures ofethoxylated and propoxylated ethers of fatty alcohols with from about12-26 carbon atoms and a degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation ofbelow about 50; and mixtures thereof. More preferred are propoxylatedethers of C14-C18 fatty alcohols having a degree of propoxylation belowabout 50, esters of C2-C8 alcohols and C12-C26 carboxylic acids (e.g.ethyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate), esters of C12-C26 alcohols andbenzoic acid (e.g. Finsolv TN supplied by Finetex), diesters of C2-C8alcohols and adipic, sebacic, and phthalic acids (e.g., diisopropylsebacate, diisopropyl adipate, di-n-butyl phthalate), polyhydric alcoholesters of C6-C26 carboxylic acids (e.g., propylene glycoldicaprate/dicaprylate, propylene glycol isostearate); and mixturesthereof. Even more preferred are branched-chain aliphatic fatty alcoholshaving from about 12-26 carbon atoms. Even more preferred are isocetylalcohol, octyidecanol, octyldodecanol and undecylpentadecanol; and mostpreferred is octyldodecanol. Such preferred aliphatic fatty alcohols areparticularly useful in combination with the volatile liquid siliconeoils discussed herein to adjust the average solubility of the solvent.

3. Non-polar, Non-volatile Oils

In addition to the liquids discussed above, the solvent for thecross-linked siloxane elastomer may optionally include non-volatile,non-polar oils. Typical non-volatile, non-polar emollients aredisclosed, for example, in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1,27-104 edited by Balsam and Sagarin, 1972; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,202,879issued to Shelton on May 13, 1980; and 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al.on Mar. 28, 1989, both of which are herein incorporated by reference.The non-volatile oils useful in the present invention are essentiallynon-volatile polysiloxanes, paraffinic hydrocarbon oils, and mixturesthereof. The polysiloxanes useful in the present invention selected fromthe group consisting of polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes,polyalkylarylsiloxanes, poly-ethersiloxane copolymers, and mixturesthereof. Examples of these include polydimethyl siloxanes havingviscosities of from about 1 to about 100,000 centistokes at 25° C. Amongthe preferred non-volatile silicone emollients useful in the presentcompositions are the polydimethyl siloxanes having viscosities fromabout 2 to about 400 centistokes at 25° C. Such polyalkylsiloxanesinclude the Viscasil series (sold by General Electric Company) and theDow Coming 200 series (sold by Dow Coming Corp.). Polyalkylarylsiloxanesinclude polymethylphenyl siloxanes having viscosities of from about 15to about 65 centistokes at 25° C. These are available, for example, asSF 1075 methyl-phenyl fluid (sold by General Electric Company) and 556Cosmetic Grade Fluid (sold by Dow Coming Corp.). Usefulpolyethersiloxane copolymers include, for example, a polyoxyalkyleneether copolymer having a viscosity of about 1200 to 1500 centistokes at25° C. Such a fluid is available as SF1066 organosilicone surfactant(sold by General Electric Company). Polysiloxane ethylene glycol ethercopolymers are preferred copolymers for use in the present compositions.

Non-volatile paraffinic hydrocarbon oils useful in the present inventioninclude mineral oils and certain branched-chain hydrocarbons. Examplesof these fluids are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,019,375 issued toTanner et al. on May 28, 1991, herein incorporated by reference in itsentirety. Preferred mineral oils have the following properties:

(1) viscosity from about 5 centistokes to about 70 centistokes at 40°C.;

(2) density between about 0.82 and 0.89 g/cm3 at 25° C.;

(3) flash point between about 138° C. and about 216° C.; and

(4) carbon chain length between about 14 and about 40 carbon atoms.

Preferred branched chain hydrocarbon oils have the following properties:

(1) density between about 0.79 and about 0.89 g/cm3 at 20° C.

(2) boiling point greater than about 250° C.; and

(3) flash point between about 110° C. and about 200° C.

Particularly preferred branched-chain hydrocarbons include Permethyl 103A, which contains an average of about 24 carbon atoms; Permethyl 104A,which contains an average of about 68 carbon atoms; Permethyl 102A,which contains an average of about 20 carbon atoms; all of which may bepurchased from Permethyl Corporation; and Ethylflo 364 which contains amixture of 30 carbon atoms and 40 carbon atoms and may be purchased fromEthyl Corp.

When used herein, volatile or non-volatile hydrocarbon oils arepreferably present at concentrations less than 30%, more preferably,from about 1% to about 25%, most preferably from about 1% to about 15%.

Additional solvents useful herein are described in U.S. Pate. No.5,750,096 to Gerald J. Guskey et al., issued May 12, 1998, hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety.

Humectants

The compositions of the present invention also comprise humectants.Humectants are polyhydric alcohols intended for moisturizing, reducingscaling and stimulating removal of built-up scale from the skin. Typicalpolyhydric alcohols include polyalkylene glycols and more preferablyalkylene polyols and their derivatives. Illustrative are propyleneglycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol,sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol,1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin, propoxylated glycerin andmixtures thereof. Most preferably the humectant is glycerin. Whenpresent, amounts of humectant may range anywhere from 0.1 to 50%,preferably 5 to 45%, more preferably from 10 to 40%, most preferablyfrom about 15% to about 40%, optimally from 25% to 35% by weight.

Emulsifiers

Emulsifiers or surfactants are also essential to the compositions of thepresent invention to aid in dispersion of solid particles (e.g.,pigments). Without being limited by theory, emulsifiers help to rendersuch solid particles hydrophobic and, hence, compatible with thesilicone gel matrix of the present invention. These emulsifiers may benonionic, anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic or cationic. Suitableemulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,755,560,issued Aug. 28, 1973, Dickert et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,769, issuedDec. 20, 1983, Dixon et al.; and McCutcheon's Detergents andEmulsifiers, North American Edition, pages 317-324 (1986), eachincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Illustrative nonionicsurfactants are alkoxylated compounds based on C10-C22 fatty alcoholsand acids, and sorbitan. These materials are available, for instance,from the Shell Chemical Company under the Neodol trademark, Copolymersof polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene, sold by the BASF Corporation underthe Pluronic trademark, are sometimes also useful. Alkyl polyglycosidesavailable from the Henkel Corporation may also be utilized for purposesof this invention. Anionic type emulsifiers or surfactants include fattyacid soaps, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphate, alkylbenzene sulphonate, mono- and di-alkyl acid phosphates and sodium fattyacyl isethionate. Amphoteric emulsifiers or surfactants include suchmaterials as dialkylamine oxide and various types of betaines (such ascocamidopiopyl betaine).

Preferred for use herein are polyoxyalkylene copolymers also known assilicone polyethers. Polymers are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No.4,268,499, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Aparticularly preferred polyoxyalkylene copolymer is known by its CTFAdesignation as dimethicones copolyol. A particularly preferred form ofdimethicone copolyol is that supplied by Dow Corning as DC5225C.

The overall concentration of the emulsifier can be from 0.1% to about10% of the formulation, preferably from 0.1% to about 5% and mostpreferably from about 0.1% to about 2%, by weight of the composition.Examples of suitable emulsifiers can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,085,856to Dunphy et al.; Japanese Patent Publication Sho 61-83110; EuropeanPatent Application EP 522624 to Dunphy et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,831to El-Nokaly et al.; and Examples of suitable moistures can be found inCosmetic Bench Reference, pp. 1.22, 1.24-1.26 (1996), all of which areherein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Pigments

The cosmetics of the present invention also contain pigment particles.As used herein, the term “pigment” means a solid that reflects light ofcertain wavelengths while absorbing light of other wavelengths, withoutproviding appreciable luminescence. Useful pigments include, but are notlimited, to those which are extended onto inert mineral(s) (e.g., talk,calcium carbonate, clay) or treated with silicone or other coatings(e.g., to prevent pigment particles from re-agglomerating or to changethe polarity (hydrophobicity) of the pigment.

Pigments are used to impart opacity and color to the cosmeticcompositions herein. Any pigment that is generally recognized as safe(such as those listed in C.T.F.A. cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, 3^(rd)Ed., cosmetic and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982),herein incorporated by reference) can be employed in the compositionsherein. Useful pigments include body pigment, inorganic white pigment,inorganic colored pigment, pearling agent, and the like. Specificexamples are talc, mica, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate,magnesium silicate, aluminum magnesium silicate, silica, titaniumdioxide, zinc oxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black ironoxide, ultramarine, polyethylene powder, methacrylate powder,polystyrene powder, silk powder, crystalline cellulose, starch,titanated mica, iron oxide titanated mica, bismuth oxychloride, and thelike. These pigments and powders can be used independently or incombination. Titanium dioxide, iron oxides and mixtures thereof areespecially preferred pigments for use herein.

Additional pigment/powder fillers include, but are not limited to,inorganic powders such as gums, chalk, Fuller's earth, kaolin, sericite,muscovite, phlogopite, synthetic mica, lepidolite, biotite, lithia mica,vermiculite, aluminum silicate, starch, smectite clays, alkyl and/ortrialkyl aryl ammonium smectites, chemically modified magnesium aluminumsilicate, organically modified montmorillonite clay, hydrated aluminumsilicate, fumed aluminum starch octenyl succinate barium silicate,calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, strontium silicate, metaltungstate, magnesium, silica alumina, zeolite, barium sulfate, calcinedcalcium sulfate (calcined gypsum), calcium phosphate, fluorine apatite,hydroxyapatite, ceramic powder, metallic soap (zinc stearate, magnesiumstearate, zinc myristate, calcium palmitate, and aluminum stearate),colloidal silicone dioxide, and boron nitride; organic powder such aspolyamide resin powder (nylon powder), cyclodextrin, methylpolymethacrylate powder, copolymer powder of styrene and acrylic acid,benzoguanamine resin powder, poly(ethylene tetrafluoride) powder, andcarboxyvinyl polymer, cellulose powder such as hydroxyethyl celluloseand sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethylene glycol monostearate;inorganic white pigments such as magnesium oxide. Other useful powdersare disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5, 688,831, to El-Nokaly et al., issuedNov. 18, 1997, herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. Thesepigments and powders can be used independently or in combination.

Also useful herein are pigment and/or dye encapsulates suchnanocolorants from BASF and multi-layer interference pigments such asSicopearls from BASF.

It is preferred that the pigments/powders are surface treated to provideadded stability of color and ease of formulation. Hydrophobicallytreated pigments are more preferred, because they may be more easilydispersed in the solvent/oil phase. In addition, it may be useful totreat the pigments with a material that is compatible with a siliconephase. Particularly useful hydrophobic pigment treatments for use inwater-in-silicone emulsions include polysiloxane treatments such asthose disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,143,722, incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. Also preferred are pigment/powders having aprimary average particle size of from about 5 nm to about 100,000 nm,more preferably from about 50 nm to about 5,000 nm, most preferably fromabout 100 nm to about 1000 nm. Mixtures of the same or differentpigment/powder having different particle sizes are also useful herein(e.g., incorporating a TiO2 having a primary particle size of from about100 nm to about 400 nm with a TiO2 having a primary particle size offrom about 10 nm to about 50 nm).

Dispersants may also be used in conjunction with the colors and pigmentsof the present invention. Examples of suitable dispersants include, butare not limited to, those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,493, hereinincorporated by reference in its entirety.

Preferably, the pigments are embedded in the film such thatsubstantially no pigment resides on or protrudes through the surface ofthe film. By “substantially no pigment”, as used herein means less than30%, more preferably less than 20%, most preferably less than 10%,optimally less than 5% pigment resides on or protrudes through thesurface of the film.

The present invention contains from about 0.1% to about 30%, preferablyfrom about 1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 2% to about 15%and most preferably from about 5% to about 15%, by weight, of thepigment.

OPTIONAL INGREDIENTS

Shine Control Agents

Cosmetic products that improve and/or regulate the condition of theshiny appearance of skin are increasingly popular with consumers and arereferred to herein as “shine control agents”. Shine control agents maybe included in the compositions of the present invention.

A frequent, undesirable condition is “oily skin”, which results from theexcessive amount of sebum and sweat that is excreted onto the skin.Sebum is an oily mixture, composed principally of squalene,triglycerides, fatty acids and wax esters. Sebum is produced in thesebaceous glands of the skin. Oily skin is associated with a shiny,undesirable appearance and disagreeable tactile sensation. Sweat ispredominantly water with trace quantities of dissolved inorganic saltssuch as Sodium Chloride and Potassium Chloride.

Typically, shine control agents are porous in nature. These agents, whenapplied to the skin provide a reservoir to absorb excess moisture intothe pores, hence reducing the visible quantity of moisture on the skin.

Without being limited by theory, it is believed that it is preferable tocombine the use of effective porous, absorbent materials withnon-absorbing spherical materials. The latter emphasizes the effect ofdiffuse reflection over problematic specular reflection, causing anoptical modification to the skin and hence a reduction in the shinyappearance of the skin. The combination of shine control agents andnon-absorbing spherical particles is preferable because it allowsdevelopment of a product with optimum shine control as well as providinga product with the best tactile sensory performance.

Suitable shine control agents include, but are not limited to, silicas,magnesium aluminum silicates, talc, sericite and various organiccopolymers. Particularly effective shine control agents includesilicates or carbonates that are formed by reaction of a carbonate orsilicate with the alkali (IA) metals, alkaline earth (IIA) metals, ortransition metals, and silicas (silicon dioxide). Preferred shinecontrol agents are selected from the group consisting of calciumsilicates, amorphous silicas, calcium carbonates, magnesium carbonates,zinc carbonates, and combinations thereof. Some specific examples of thesilicates and carbonates useful in this present invention are more fullyexplained in Van Nostrand Reinhold's Encyclopedia of Chemistry, 4^(th)Ed. pp155, 169, 556, and 849 (1984).

Synthetic versions of the shine control agents, particularly silicates,are preferred. Suitable synthetic carbonates are commercially availablefrom Mallinckrodt or Whittaker, Clarke & Daniels. Examples of syntheticsilicates useful in the present invention are Hubersorb 250® orHubersorb 600®, available from JM Huber.

Shine control agents that primarily comprise silicas are preferred overthose materials comprising mainly silicates and/or carbonates when usedfor moisture and shine control. Most preferred silicas are in the formof microspheres and/or ellipsoids, as they have been found to contributegood skin feel characteristics in addition to efficient moistureabsorption. Silica ellipsoids useful in the present invention areavailable from DuPont as ZELEC Sil and Kobo as Silica Shells. Silicamicrospheres are available from Kobo as MSS-500, MSS500/3, MSS-500H,MSS500/3N, MSS-500N and MSS 500/3N; Presperse as Spheron L1500, SpheronP1500. Fumed versions of silica can also be used with Aerosil fromDegussa and Cab-O-Sil from Cabot both being particularly useful.

Amongst the silicate series, magnesium aluminum silicates are useful, inparticular Sebumase, available from Miyoshi Kasei.

When silicas, particularly silica ellipsoids and silica microspheres areintended to be the main means for moisture absorption, it is preferredthat the absorbent powder comprise from about 1% to about 40%; morepreferably from about 1% to about 25%, and most preferably from about 2%to about 10%, by weight of the composition, of silicas.

Starch-based materials may also be used as shine control agents. Usefulexamples are Natrosorb W and Natrosorb HFW, DryFlo plus and DryFlo AFpure from National Starch and Chemical Company.

Also found to be useful are methacrylate-based polymeric materials. Theycan be used either in conjunction with a dimethicone copolymer or asmethacrylate-based copolymers. Specifically, useful examples are:Microsponge 5640 w. Glycerin, Polytrap 6603 available from Enhanced Dermtechnologies; DSPCS-12 series and SPCAT-12 from Kobo; Poly-Pore 200series from Amcol.

Optionally, yet preferably, the compositions of the present inventioncontain spherical particles having an average particle size diameter of10 or greater, preferably greater than 15, more preferably greater than20 microns. The particle diameter is understood to be that of elementaryor primary particles.

Preferred spherical particles include, but are not limited, to polymericparticles chosen from the methylsilsesquioxane resin microspheres suchas for example those sold by Toshiba silicone under the name Tospearl145A; microspheres of polymethylmethacrylates such as those sold bySeppic under the name Micropearl M 100; the spherical particles ofcrosslinked polydimethylsiloxanes, especially such as those sold by DowCorning Toray Silicone under the name Trefil E 506C or Trefil E 505C,sphericle particles of polyamide and more specifically Nylon 12,especially such as those sold by Atochem under the name Orgasol 2002DNat C05, polystyerene microspheres such as for example those sold byDyno Particles under the name Dynospheres, ethylene acrylate copolymersold by Kobo under the name FloBead EA209 and mixtures thereof. Alsofound to be useful is Ronasphere LDP from Kobo Inc.

Preferably the spherical particles are present at a concentration offrom about 0% to about 40%, more preferably from about 5% to about 35%,most preferably from about 8% to about 30%.

Film Forming Agents

Film forming agents may be optionally included in the compositions ofthe present invention to aid film substantivity and adhesion to theskin. Improving the long wear and non-transfer performance of thepresent compositions is quite desirable. Water-soluble, water insoluble,and water dispersible film forming agents can be used in the internaland external phases of the present compositions to give the desired endbenefit.

Preferably, the compositions comprise from about 0% to about 20%, morepreferably, from about 0.1% to about 10%, and most preferably, fromabout 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the composition, of thefilm-forming agent.

Suitable film forming agents include:

1) organic silicone resins, fluorinated silicone resins, copolymers oforganic silicone resins, e.g., trimethylsiloxysilicate from GE (SR1000),GE's copolymers of silicone resins, e.g., SF1318 (silicone resin and anorganic ester of isostearic acid copolymer) and CF1301 (silicone resinand alpha methyl styrene copolymer), Dow Corning's pressure sensitiveadhesives —copolymers of silicone resins and various PDMS's (BIO-PSAseries); and

2) acrylic and methacrylic polymers and resins, silicone-acrylate typecopolymers and fluorinated versions of, including—silicones plus polymerSA70 from 3M, KP545 from Shin-Etsu, alkyl-acrylate copolymers, e.g., KP561 and 562 from Shin-Etsu;

3) decene/butene copolymer from Collaborative Labs;

4) polyvinyl based materials, e.g., PVP, PVP/VA, including Antaron/Ganexfrom ISP (PVP/Triacontene copolymer), Luviskol materials from BASF;

5) polyurethanes, e.g., the Polyderm series from Alzo including but notlimited to Polyderm PE/PA, Polyderm PPI-SI-WS, Polyderm PPI-GH, LuvisetP.U.R. from BASF;

6) polyquatemium materials, e.g., Luviquat series from BASF

7) acrylates copolymers and acrylates/acrylamide copolymers, e.g.,Luvimer and Ultrahold series, both available from BASF;

8) styrene based materials; and

9) chitosan and chitosan based materials including cellulose andcellulose-based materials.

Such film formers are disclosed for example in the InternationalCosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Seventh Edition, Vol 2,1636-1638.

Skin Conditioning Agent

Optionally, the compositions of the present invention can furthercomprise a skin-conditioning agent. These agents may be selected fromexfoliants, emollients or mixtures thereof.

Exfoliants according to the present invention may be selected fromC2-C30 alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids, beta-hydroxycarboxylic acids andsalts of these acids. Most preferred are glycolic, lactic and salicylicacids and their ammonium salts. Amounts of the exfoliants may range from1 to 15%, preferably from 2 to 10% by weight.

A wide variety of C2-C30 alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids may be employed.Suitable examples of which include:

alpha-hydroxyethanoic acid

alpha-hydroxypropanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyhexanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyoctanoic acid

alpha-hydroxydecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxydodecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyeicosanoic acid

alpha-hydroxydocosanoic acid

alpha-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid, and

alpha-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid

When the conditioning agent is an emollient it may be selected fromhydrocarbons, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and esters. Isononylisononanoate is the most preferred hydrocarbon type of emollientconditioning agent. Other hydrocarbons that may be employed includemineral oil, polyolefins such as polydecene, and paraffins such asisohexadecane (e.g. Permethyl 99 Registered™ and Permethyl 101Registered™). Preferably, the compositions of the present invention aresubstantially free of semi-solid hydrocarbons such as petrolatum,lanolin and lanolin derivatives, sterols (e.g., ethoxylated soyasterols), high molecular weight polybutenes and cocoa butter. By“substantially free,” as used herein, means that the concentration ofthe semi-solid hydrocarbons are preferably less than 10%, morepreferably less than 5% most preferably less than 2% and even morepreferably 0. Without being limited by theory, such semi-solidhydrocarbons tend to mask the sensory benefits of the siloxane elastomercompositions such as the non-greasy, light feel of the presentinvention.

Fatty acids and alcohols will have from 10 to 30 carbon atoms.Illustrative of this category are pelargonic, lauric, myristic,palmitic, stearic, isostearic, hydroxystearic, oleic, linoleic,ricinoleic, arachidic, behenic and erucic acids and alcohols.

Oily ester emollients may be those selected from one or more of thefollowing classes:

1. Triglyceride esters such as vegetable and animal fats and oils.Examples include castor oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil,olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil, sesame oil,squalene, Kikui oil and soybean oil.

2. Acetoglyceride esters, such as acetylated monoglycerides.

3. Ethoxylated glycerides, such as ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate.

4. Alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Methyl,isopropyl, and butyl esters of fatty acids are useful herein. Examplesinclude hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexyl palmitate, isopropylpalmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decylstearate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisohexyladipate, dihexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, lauryl lactate,myristyl lactate, and cetyl lactate.

5. Alkenyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Examplesthereof include oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyl oleate.

6. Ether-esters such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols.

7. Polyhydric alcohol esters. Ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acidesters, diethylene glycol mono-and di-fatty acid esters, polyethyleneglycol (200-6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono-and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000 monooleate,polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycolmonostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerolpolyfatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate, 1,2-butylene glycolmonostearate, 1,2-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyolfatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylenesorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydric alcohol esters.

8. Wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti, myristyl myristate, stearylstearate.

9. C1-C30 mono- and poly-esters of sugars and related materials. Theseesters are derived from a sugar or polyol moiety and one or morecarboxylic acid moieties. Depending on the constituent acid and sugar,these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature.Examples of liquid esters include: glucose tetraoleate, the glucosetetraesters of soybean oil fatty acids (unsaturated), the mannosetetraesters of mixed soybean oil fatty acids, the galactose tetraestersof oleic acid, the arabinose tetraesters of linoleic acid, xylosetetralinoleate, galactose pentaoleate, sorbitol tetraoleate, thesorbitol hexaesters of unsaturated soybean oil fatty acids, xylitolpentaoleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoletate, sucrosehexaoleate, sucrose hepatoleate, sucrose octaoleate, and mixturesthereof. Examples of solid esters include: sorbitol hexaester in whichthe carboxylic acid ester moieties are palmitoleate and arachidate in a1:2 molar ratio; the octaester of raffinose in which the carboxylic acidester moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; theheptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moietiesare sunflower seed oil fatty acids and lignocerate in a 3:4 molar ratio;the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acidmoieties are oleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; and the octaesterof sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate,linoleate and behenate in a 1:3:4 molar ratio. A preferred solidmaterial is sucrose polyester in which the degree of esterification is7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are C18 mono- and/ordi-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates: behenic of1:7 to 3:5. A particularly preferred solid sugar polyester is theoctaester of sucrose in which there are about 7 behenic fatty acidmoieties and about 1 oleic acid moiety in the molecule. Other materialsinclude cottonseed oil or soybean oil fatty acid esters of sucrose. Theester materials are further described in, U.S. Pat. No. 2,831,854, U.S.Pat. No. 4,005,196, to Jandacek, issued Jan. 25, 1977; U.S. Pat. No.4,005,195, to Jandacek, issued Jan. 25, 1977, U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,516,to Letton et al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,306,515, toLetton et al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,305,514, to Lettonet al., issued Apr. 26, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 4,797,300, to Jandacek etal., issued Jan. 10, 1989; U.S. Pat. No. 3,963,699, to Rizzi et al,issued Jun. 15, 1976; U.S. Pat. No. 4,518,772, to Volpenhein, issued May21, 1985; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,517,360, to Volpenhein, issued May 21,1985.

Amounts of the skin-conditioning agent may range from about 0% to 30%,preferably from about 1% to about 20%, optimally from about 1% to 10% byweight.

Solidifying Agent

The cosmetic compositions of this invention can contain one or morematerials, herein singly or collectively referred to as a “solidifyingagent”, that are effective to solidify the particular liquid basematerials to be used in a cosmetic composition. (As used herein, theterm “solidify” refers to the physical and/or chemical alteration of theliquid base material so as to form a solid or semi-solid at ambientconditions, i.e., to form a final composition that has a stable physicalstructure and is deposited on the skin during normal use conditions.) Asis appreciated by those skilled in the art, the selection of theparticular solidifying agent for use in the cosmetic compositions willdepend upon the particular type of composition desired, i.e., gel orwax-based, the desired rheology, the liquid base material used and theother materials to be used in the composition. The solidifying agent ispreferably present at a concentration of from about 0 to about 90%, morepreferably from about 1 to about 50%, even more preferably from about 5%to about 40%, most preferably from about 1% to about 15%.

Suitable solidifying agents include waxy materials such as candelilla,carnauba waxes, beeswax, spermaceti, carnauba, baysberry, montan,ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin, synthetic waxes such as Fisher-Tropschwaxes, silicone waxes (e.g., DC 2503 from Dow Corning), microcrystallinewaxes and the like; soaps, such as the sodium and potassium salts ofhigher fatty acids, i.e., acids having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms;amides of higher fatty acids; higher fatty acid amides of alkylolamines;dibenzaldehyde-monosorbitol acetals; alkali metal and alkaline earthmetal salts of the acetates, propionates and lactates; and mixturesthereof. Also useful are polymeric materials such as, locust bean gum,sodium alginate, sodium caseinate, egg albumin, gelatin agar,carrageenin gum sodium alginate, xanthan gum, quince seed extract,tragacanth gum, starch, chemically modified starches and the like,semi-synthetic polymeric materials such as cellulose ethers (e.g.hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose),polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guargum, soluble starch, cationic celluloses, cationic guars and the likeand synthetic polymeric materials such as carboxyvinyl polymers,polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol polyacrylic acid polymers,polymethacrylic acid polymers, polyvinyl acetate polymers, polyvinylchloride polymers, polyvinylidene chloride polymers and the like.Inorganic thickeners may also be used such as aluminum silicates, suchas, for example, bentonites, or a mixture of polyethylene glycol andpolyethylene glycol stearate, or distearate. Naturally occurringpolymers or biopolymers and their use are further described in EuropeanApplication No. 522624, to Dunphy et al. Additional examples ofnaturally occurring polymers or biopolymers can be found in the CosmeticBench Reference, pp. 1.40-1.42, herein incorporated by reference.

Hydrophobically modified celluloses are also suitable for use herein.These celluloses are described in detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,228,277 and5,104,646, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in theirentirety.

Additional examples of suitable gelling agents or gellants can be foundin the Cosmetic Bench Reference, p. 1.27, herein incorporated byreference. Other gelling agents suitable for use herein include oleogelssuch as trihydroxystearin.

Further examples of suitable solidifying agents disclosed in thefollowing references, all of which are incorporated by reference herein:U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,272, Geary, et al., issued Apr. 24, 1979; U.S. Pat.No. 4,229,432, Geria, issued Oct. 21, 1980; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,280,994,Turney, issued Jul. 28, 1981; “The Chemistry and Technology of Waxes”,A. H. Warth, 2nd Edition, reprinted in 1960, Reinhold PublishingCorporation, pp 391-393 and 421; “The Petroleum Chemicals Industry”, R.F. Goldstein and A. L. Waddeam, 3rd Edition (1967), E & F. N. Span Ltd.,pp 33-40; “The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics”, M. G. DeNavarre,2nd edition (1970), Van Nostrand & Company, pp 354-376; and in“Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology:, Vol. 24, Kirk-Othmer, 3rd Edition(1979) pp 466-481; U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,679, Davy, et al., issued Nov.21, 1978; European Patent Specification No. 117,070, May, published Aug.29, 1984; U.S. Pat. No. 2,900,306, Slater, issued Aug. 18, 1959; U.S.Pat. No. 3,255,082, Barton, issued Jun. 7, 1966; U.S. Pat. No.4,137,306, Rubino, et al., issued Jan. 30, 1979; U.S. Pat. No.4,154,816, Roehl, et al., issued May 15, 1979; U.S. Pat. No. 4,226,889,Yuhas, issued Oct. 7, 1980; U.S. Pat. No. 4,346,079, Roehl, issued Aug.24, 1982; U.S. Pat. No. 4,383,988, Teng, et al., issued May 17, 1983;European Patent Specification No. 107,330, Luebbe, et al., published May2, 1984; European Patent Specification No. 24,365 Sampson, et al.,published Mar. 4, 1981; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 630,790,DiPietro, filed Jul. 13, 1984.

Preferably, the compositions of the present invention have a hardnessvalue as measured using a TA-XT2i Texture Analyzer (described below) ofup to about 25 gram-force, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 20gram-force, most preferably from about 1 to about 15, optimally fromabout 1 to about 10 gram-force. Without being limited by theory, it isbelieved that compositions having stick hardness values above 25gram-force tend to interfere with the formation of the film structureprovided by the polysiloxane elastomer, thus, preventing the smoothnessas well as improved uniformity and evenness of particle distributionwithin the film. This, in turn, negatively affects the sensory benefitsof the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer component.

Preferably the compositions of the present invention are substantiallyfree of hydrophilic or water soluble gelling agents such as the acrylicacid/ethyl acrylate copolymers and the carboxyvinyl polymers sold by theB.F. Goodrich Company under the trademark of Carbopol Registered TMresins. By “substantially free,” as used herein, means that theconcentration of hydrophilic or water soluble gelling agents ispreferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5% most preferablyless than 2% and even more preferably 0. These resins consistessentially of a colloidally water-soluble polyalkenyl polyethercrosslinked polymer of acrylic acid crosslinked with from 0.75% to 2.00%of a crosslinking agent such as polyallyl sucrose or polyallylpentaerythritol. Examples include Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol950, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 951 and Carbopol 981, Carbopol 934, CarbopolUltrez 10, Carbopol ETD2020, Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 1342 and PemulenTR-1.

Colorant

Certain embodiments of the present invention contain from about 0% toabout 30%, preferably from about 1% to about 20%, more preferably fromabout 2% to about 15% and most preferably from about 5% to about 15%, ofa non-pigment colorant, on an anhydrous weight basis. These are usuallyaluminum, barium or calcium salts or lakes. Preferably, dyes are presentat from about 0% to about 3% and pearls and the like from 0% to about10%.

Colorants useful herein are all inorganic and organic colors suitablefor use in cosmetic compositions.

Lakes are either a pigment that is extended or reduced with a soliddiluent or an organic pigment that is prepared by the precipitation of awater-soluble dye on an adsorptive surface, which usually is aluminumhydrate. There is uncertainty in some instances as to whether thesoluble dye precipitates on the surface of the aluminum hydrate to yielda dyed inorganic pigment or whether it merely precipitates in thepresence of the substrate. A lake also forms from precipitation of aninsoluble salt from an acid or basic dye. Calcium and barium lakes arealso used herein.

Lakes suitable for use in the present invention include Red 3 AluminumLake, Red 21 Aluminum Lake, Red 27 Aluminum Lake, Red 28 Aluminum Lake,Red 33 Aluminum Lake, Yellow 5 Aluminum Lake, Yellow 6 Aluminum Lake,Yellow 10 Aluminum Lake, Orange 5 Aluminum Lake and Blue 1 AluminumLake, Red 6 Barium Lake, Red 7 Calcium Lake.

Other colors can also be included herein, such as dyes. Suitableexamples include Red 6, Red 21, Brown, Russet and Sienna dyes andmixtures thereof.

Preservatives

Suitable traditional preservatives for compositions of this inventionare alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid. Other preservatives thathave more recently come into use include hydantoin derivatives such as1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimthylhydantoin, propionate salts, and avariety of quaternary ammonium compounds such as benzalkonium chloride,quaternium 15 (Dowicil 200), benzethonium Chloride, andmethylbenzethonium chloride. Cosmetic chemists are familiar withappropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy thepreservative challenge test and to provide product stability.Particularly preferred preservatives are disodium EDTA, phenoxyethanol,methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea (commerciallyavailable as Germall 1157), sodium dehydroacetate and benzyl alcohol.The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of thecomposition and possible incompatibilities between the preservatives andother ingredients in the emulsion. Preservatives preferably are employedin amounts ranging from about 0% to about 5%, more preferably from about0.01% to about 2.5%, and most preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%,by weight of the composition.

Essentially Anhydrous

Cosmetic compositions of the present invention are essentiallyanhydrous. The amount of water will be confined to range from 0 to 5%,preferably not above 4%, more preferably not above 2%, optimally notabove 0.5%, most preferably 0% by weight.

Organic Sunscreens

Compositions of the present invention preferably comprise an organicsunscreen. Suitable sunscreens can have UVA absorbing properties, UVBabsorbing properties or a mixture thereof. The exact amount of thesunscreen active will vary depending upon the desired Sun ProtectionFactor, i.e. the “SPF” of the composition as well as the desired levelof UVA protection. The compositions of the present invention preferablycomprise an SPF of at least 10, preferably at least 15. (SPF is acommonly used measure of photoprotection of a sunscreen againsterythema. The SPF is defined as a ratio of the ultraviolet energyrequired to produce minimal erythema on protected skin to that requiredto products the same minimal erythema on unprotected skin in the sameindividual. See Federal Register, 43, No 166, pp. 38206-38269, Aug. 25,1978). Compositions of the present invention preferably comprise fromabout 2% to about 20%, more typically from about 4% to about 14%, byweight, of organic sunscreen. Suitable sunscreens include, but are notlimited to, those found in the CTFA International Cosmetic IngredientDictionary and Handbook, 7^(th) edition, volume 2 pp. 1672, edited byWenninger and McEwen (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association,Inc., Washington, D.C., 1997).

The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise a UVAabsorbing sunscreen actives that absorb UV radiation having a wavelengthof from about 320 nm to about 400 nm. Suitable UVA absorbing sunscreenactives are selected from dibenzoylmethane derivatives, anthranilatederivatives such as methylanthranilate and homomethyl,1-N-acetylanthranilate, and mixtures thereof. Examples ofdibenzoylmethane sunscreen actives are described in U.S. Pat. No.4,387,089 issued to Depolo; and in Sunscreens: Development, Evaluation,and Regulatory Aspects edited by N. J. Lowe and N. A. Shaath, MarcelDekker, Inc (1990). The UVA absorbing sunscreen active is preferablypresent in an amount to provide broad-spectrum UVA protection eitherindependently, or in combination with, other UV protective actives thatmay be present in the composition.

Preferred UVA sunscreen actives are dibenzoylmethane sunscreen activesand their derivatives. They include, but are not limited to, thoseselected from 2-methyidibenzoylmethane, 4-methyldibenzoylmethane,4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane, 4-tert-butyldibenzoylmethane, 2,4-dimethyldibenzoylmethane, 2, 5-dimethyldibenzoylmethane, 4,4′-diisopropylbenzoylmethane, 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane, 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,2-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4′-methoxy-dibenzoylmethane, 2,4-dimethyl-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane, 2,6-dimethyl-4′-tert-butyl-4′methoxydibenzoylmethane, and mixturesthereof. Preferred dibenzoyl sunscreen actives include those selectedfrom 4-(1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane, and mixtures thereof. A more preferredsunscreen active is 4-(1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane.

The sunscreen active 4-(1, 1-dimethylethyl)-4′-methoxydibenzoylmethane,which is also known as butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane or Avobenzone, iscommercially available under the names of Parsol® 1789 from GivaudanRoure (International) S. A. (Basel, Switzerland) and Eusolex® 9020 fromMerck & Co., Inc (Whitehouse Station, N.J.). The sunscreen4-isoproplydibenzoylmethane, which is also known asisopropyldibenzoylmethane, is commercially available from Merck underthe name of Eusolex® 8020.

The compositions of the present invention preferably further comprise aUVB sunscreen active that absorbs UV radiation having a wavelength offrom about 290 nm to abut 320 nm. The compositions preferably comprisean amount of the UVB sunscreen active that is safe and effective toprovide UVB protection either independently, or in combination with,other UV protective actives that may be present in the compositions. Thecompositions preferably comprise from about 0.1% to abut 16%, morepreferably from about 0.1% to about 12%, and most preferably from about0.5% to about 8% by weight, of UVB absorbing organic sunscreen.

A wide variety of UVB sunscreen actives are suitable for use herein.Nonlimiting examples of such organic sunscreen actives are described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,087,372 issued Feb. 11, 1992 to Haffey et al.; and U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,073,371 and 5,073,372 both issued on Dec. 17, 1991 to Turneret al. Preferred UVB sunscreen actives are selected from2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3, 3-diphenylacrylate (referred to as octocrylene),2-phenyl-benzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid (PBSA), cinnamates and theirderivatives such as 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate andoctyl-p-methoxycinnamate, TEA salicylate, octyidimethyl PABA, camphorderivatives and their derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Preferredorganic sunscreen actives are 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3, 3-diphenylacrylate(referred to as octocrylene), 2-phenyl-benzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid(PBSA), octyl-p-methoxycinnamate, and mixtures thereof. Salt and acidneutralised forms of the acidic sunscreens are also useful herein. Whenorganic sunscreen salts, such as PBSA, are used within compositions ofthe present invention they can disrupt the action of the thickener withthe result that the final product may have sub optimal rheology. Thiscan be countered by the addition of higher levels of thickener, fattyalcohols or nonionic surfactants such that the rheology of the finalproduct returns to the desired level.

An agent may also be added to any of the compositions useful in thepresent invention to stabilise the UVA sunscreen to prevent it fromphoto-degrading on exposure to UV radiation and thereby maintaining itsUVA protection efficacy. Wide ranges of compounds have been cited asproviding these stabilising properties and should be chosen tocompliment both the UVA sunscreen and the composition as a whole.Suitable stabilising agents include, but are not limited to, thosedescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,972,316; 5,968,485; 5,935,556; 5,827,508and Patent WO 00/06110. Preferred examples of stabilising agents for usein the present invention include 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate (referred to as octocrylene), ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-3, 3-diphenylacrylate, ethyl-3, 3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl) acrylate, and mixtures thereof.2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3, 3-diphenylacrylate is most preferred.

An agent may also be added to any of the compositions useful in thepresent invention to improve the skin substantivity of thosecompositions, particularly to enhance their resistance to being washedoff by water, or rubbed off. A preferred agent that will provide thisbenefit is a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid. Compositionscomprising this copolymer are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,663,157,Brock, issued May 5, 1987.

Inorganic Sunscreens

In addition to the organic sunscreens compositions of the presentinvention can additionally comprise inorganic physical sunblocks.Nonlimiting examples of suitable physical sunblocks are described inCTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 6^(th) Edition, 1995,pp. 1026-28 and 1103, Sayre, R. M. et al., “Physical Sunscreens”, J.Soc. Cosmet. Chem., Vol 41, no 2, pp. 103-109 (1990). Preferredinorganic physical sunblocks are zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, andmixtures thereof.

When used, the physical sunblocks are present in an amount such that thepresent compositions are transparent on the skin (i.e. non-whitening),preferably less than or equal to about 5%. When titanium dioxide isused, it can have an anatase, rutile, or amorphous structure. Physicalsunblock particles, e.g. titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, can beuncoated or coated with a variety of materials including but not limitedto amino acids, aluminum compounds such as alumina, aluminum stearate,aluminum laurate, and the like; carboxylic acids and their salts e.g.stearic acid and its salts; phospholipids such as lecithin; organicsilicone compounds; inorganic silicone compounds such as silica andsilicates; and mixtures thereof. A preferred titanium dioxide iscommercially available from Tayca (Japan) and is distributed by Tri-KIndustries (Emerson, NJ) under the MT micro-ionized series (e.g. MT100SAS).

The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise from about0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 4%, and mostpreferably from about 0.5% to about 2.5%, by weight, of inorganicsunscreen.

Aerated Compositions

Optionally and preferably, the compositions of the present invention areaerated. By “aerated” as used herein means the air is incorporatedeither by hand, mechanical mixing or by using any other form ofconventional foaming or whipping instrument technology. Preferably thecompositions of the present invention contain at least about 1%,preferably at least about 2%, optimally from about 3 to about 5% air.

Other Optional Ingredients

A variety of additional ingredients can be incorporated into thecompositions of the present invention. Nonlimiting examples of theseadditional ingredients include additional skin care actives such aspeptides (e.g., Matrixyl [pentapetide derivative]), farnesol, bisabolol,phytantriol, glycerol, urea, guanidine (e.g., amino guanidine); vitaminsand derivatives thereof such ascorbic acid, vitamin A (e.g., retinoidderivatives such as retinyl palmitate or retinyl proprionate), vitamin E(e.g., tocopherol acetate), vitamin B₃ (e.g., niacinamide) and vitaminB₅ (e.g., panthenol) and the like and mixtures thereof; sunscreens;anti-acne medicaments (resorcinol, salicylic acid, and the like;antioxidants (e.g., phytosterols, lipoic acid); flavonoids (e.g.,isoflavones, phytoestrogens); skin soothing and healing agents such asaloe vera extract, allantoin and the like; chelators and sequestrants;and agents suitable for aesthetic purposes such as essential oils,fragrances, skin sensates, opacifiers, aromatic compounds (e.g., cloveoil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, and eugenol). Nonlimitingexamples of suitable carboxylic copolymers, emulsifiers, emollients, andother additional ingredients are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,681,to Ciotti et al., issued Apr. 30, 1991 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,939,082, toOblong et al., issued Aug. 17, 1999, both of which are hereinincorporated by reference. The above-mentioned vitamin B₃ compounds canbe incorporated as re-crystallized crystals that remain in crystalizedform in the composition or as partially solubilize crystals (i.e., someof the crystals are dissolved and some remain in crystalline form in thecomposition.).

Analytical Test Methods

Determination of Particle Size

Samples are prepared placing approximately 1 gram of the cross-linkedelastomer (gel) in a small bottle with approximately 30 grams of a 1:1isopropyl alcohol: dimethicone (DC 245) solution (IPA: DC245). The 1:1IPA: DC245 solution is passed through a 0.2 μm syringe filter to removeforeign particulates (e.g., dust). The sample is then mixed (to disperseelastomer) using a Glass-Col Tissue Culture Rotator set at 70% forapproximately 5 days.

The samples were, next, measured using a Horiba LA-910 equipped with afraction cell holder and a magnetic stir bar. For a blank, a separatesample was prepared containing only the 30 grams 1:1 IPA: DC245. Beforemeasurement, 10 ml aliquots of the prepared samples were placed in asmall vial and allowed to settle for 30 minutes (to separate out largeagglomerates). Stirring was used during measurement and the samplingtime was set at 25 sec., the data were reported on a Volume basis usinga relative refractive index of 1.06-0.00i. Samples are further dilutedwith 1:1 IPA: DC245 as necessary to achieve concentrations within theworking range for the Horiba LA-910. More detailed instructions can befound in the Operator's Manuel for the Horiba LA 910, hereinincorporated by reference. The process is additionally described in U.S.Pat. No. 5,998,542 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,929,162, both of which are hereinincorporated by reference in their entirety

Hardness Value Test

The term “product hardness” as used herein is a reflection of how muchforce is required to move a rod a specified distance and at a controlledrate into a cosmetic composition under the following test conditions.Higher values represent harder product, and lower values representsofter product. These values are measured at 27° C., 15% relativehumidity, using a TA-XT2i Texture Analyzer, available from TextureTechnology Corp., Scarsdale, N.Y., U.S.A. The product hardness value asused herein represents the amount of force required to move a 16 mm longstainless steel rod having a 0.254 mm diameter through the compositionfor a distance of 12.2 mm at a rate of 0.8 mm/second. The rod isattached to the instrument by means of a suitable adapter (e.g.,drill-type chuck). Other test parameters include: Pre-Test Speed of 0.85mm/s, Post Test Speed of 1.70 mm/s, trigger distance of 0.1 mm. Moredetailed instructions can be found in the Operator's Manuel for theTA-XT2i, herein incorporated by reference.

Associated Methods

Applicants have found that the compositions of the present invention areuseful in a variety of applications directed to enhancement of mammalianskin. The methods of use for the compositions disclosed and claimedherein include, but are not limited to: 1) methods of increasing thesubstantivity of a cosmetic to skin; 2) methods of moisturizing skin; 3)methods of improving the natural appearance of skin; 4) methods ofapplying a color cosmetic to skin; 5) methods of preventing, retarding,and/or treating wrinkles; 6) methods of providing UV protection to skin;7) methods of preventing, retarding, and/or controlling the appearanceof oil; 8) methods of modifying the feel and texture of skin; 9) methodsof providing even skin tone; 10) methods of preventing, retarding,and/or treating the appear of spider vessels and varicose veins; 11)methods of masking the appearance of vellus hair on skin; and 12)methods of concealing blemishes and/or imperfections in human skin,including acne, age spots, freckles, moles, scars, under eye circles,birth marks, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, etc. Each of themethods discussed herein involve topical application of the claimedcompositions to skin.

The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodiments ofthis invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred toherein and in the appended claims are by weight unless otherwiseindicated.

EXAMPLES

The cosmetic products in the following examples illustrate specificembodiments of the cosmetic compositions of the present invention, butare not intended to be limiting thereof. The skilled artisan canundertake other modifications without departing from the spirit andscope of this invention. All exemplified compositions can be prepared byconventional formulation and mixing techniques. Component amounts arelisted as weight percents and may exclude minor materials such asdiluents, filler, and so forth. The listed formulations, therefore,comprise the listed components and any minor materials associated withsuch components.

Example I

A foundation compact of the present invention comprising cross-linkedsiloxane elastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % TiO2 silicone treated (SAT treated Tronox CR 837 5.25supplied US Cosmetics) Pigment 1.23 Talc (silicone treated) (HydrophobicTalc 9742 2.36 supplied by Warner Jenkinson) TiO2-MT100T (micronizedTiO2 supplied by Tri-K) 0.16 DC245 (cyclomethicone) 29.26 DC5225C(dimethicone copolyol-10% active in 0.31 cyclomethicone) GE SFE 839Cross-linked Siloxane Elastomer Gel¹ 48 propylparaben (preservative)0.10 Glycerine 7.08 Ozokerite Wax 6.25 Total: 100.00 ¹5%Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer in cyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, the pigments, TiO₂(micronized and silicone treated), hydrophobic talc, GE SFE 839,cyclomethicone (DC245) and dimethicone copolyol (DC5225C) are mixeduntil homogeneous and then milled using a Silverson L4RT mixer at 9000rpms to the desired particle size. Next, the propylparaben and glycerineare added to the above mixture and mixed until homogenous. The mixtureis then heated to a temperature of between 85-90° C., at which time theozokerite wax is added (melted into the mixture) with mixing until themixture homogenous. The mixture is then poured into a mold and allowedto cool at room temperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated intothe appropriate package.

The foundation compact is applied to the face to provide color,moisturization and improved feel.

Example II

A mousse foundation of the present invention comprising cross-linkedsiloxane elastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % TiO2 silicone treated (SAT treated Tronox CR 840supplied 8.45 US Cosmetics) Pigment 2.00 Talc-Silicone Treated 3.84TiO2-MT100T (micronized) 0.26 DC245 (cylcomethicone) 7.65 DC5225C(Dimethicone Copolyol) 0.50 GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane ElastomerGel¹ 77.2 propylparaben (preservative) 0.10 TOTAL: 100.00 ¹5%Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer in cyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel, the pigments, TiO₂ (micronized and siliconetreated), hydrophobic talc, GE SFE 839, cyclomethicone (DC245) anddimethicone copolyol (DC5225C) are mixed until homogeneous and, then,milled using a Silverson L4RT mixer at 9000 rpms to the desired particlesize. Next, the propylparaben are added to the above mixture and mixeduntil homogenous. The mixture is, then, incorporated into theappropriate package.

The foundation compact is applied to the face to provide color,moisturization and improved feel.

Example III

A lip gel of the present invention comprising cross-linked siloxaneelastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane Elastomer Gel¹ 80.0Abil WE-09² 1.0 Cyclomethicone (DC245 fluid) 5.8 Dimethicone Fluid(DC200 fluid) 50 cst 4.5 Pigment 8.5 Preservative 0.2 TOTAL: 100.0 ¹5%Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer in cyclomethicone ²Cetyldimethicone copolyol

In a suitable vessel, the pigment and Abil WE-09 are added and milled todesired particle size using conventional milling technology. Next, theGE SFE 839, cyclomethicone, dimethicone fluid and preservative are addedand the mixture is mixed until homogeneous using conventional mixingtechnology. The mixture is, then, incorporated into the appropriatepackage.

The lip gel is applied to the lips to provide color, moisturization andimproved feel.

Example IV

A lip balm of the present invention comprising cross-linked siloxaneelastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % Stearyl Dimethicone (DC 2503 wax) 10.0 Glycerine 10.0 DC9040 Cross-linked Siloxane Elastomer Gel¹ 26.15 Cyclomethicone (DC-245)41.55 Dimethicone copolyol (DC-5225C) 5.0 Preservative 0.3 Ozokerite wax7.0 TOTAL: 100.0 ¹13% Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer incyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, the stearyldimethicone, glycerine, GE SFE 839, cyclomethicone, dimethiconecopolyol, and preservative are added and mixed using a Caframo RZR50mixer at 100 to 300 rpms until homogeneous. The mixture is then heatedto a temperature of between 85-90° C., at which time the ozokerite waxis added (melted into the mixture) with mixing until the mixturehomogenous. The mixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to coolat room temperature. The mixture is cooled to ambient temperature andincorporated into the appropriate package.

The lip balm is applied to the lips to provide moisturization andimproved feel.

Example V

A transfer resistant lipstick of the present invention comprisingcross-linked siloxane elastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane 35.7 Elastomer gel¹Diisopropyl Dimerate 17.000 Synthetic Wax (6657 Type) 11.000 Isododecane8.900 Silicone Fluid (244 Type) 6.500 Pearl, Pearl-Glo UVR 5.000Paraffin Wax 5.000 Polyglyceryl-3 Diisostearate 3.000 Ozokerite (SP-1026Type) 3.000 Titanium Dioxide 328 1.800 Mixed Tocopherols 0.200 Color2.800 Propylparaben, NF 0.100 Total 100.000 ¹5% Dimethicone/vinyldimethicone cross-polymer in cyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel, the pigments and the diisopropyl dimerate areadded with stirring until homogeneous. The mixture is then milled usingconventional milling technology until a pigment slurry of desiredpigment particle size is obtained.

In a separate vessel equipped with a heating source and a cover or lidfor sealing the vessel, the pigment slurry, the synthetic wax (6657Type), silicone fluid (244 Type), pearl, Pearl-Glo UVR, paraffin wax,polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, ozokerite (SP-1026 Type), titanium dioxide328, mixed tocopherols, color, and propylparaben is added and heatedwith mixing to a melt temperature of between 90-115° C. The vessel issealed and the mixture is heated and mixed using conventional mixingtechnology until all waxes are melted and the mixture is homogenous.Next the elastomer gel and isododecane are added into the meltedwax/oil/pigment mixture with mixing. The vessel is then re-sealed andheated to return the mixture to the full melt temperature. Once melttemperature is reached the mixture is mixed until homogenous. Themixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to cool at roomtemperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated into the appropriatepackage.

The transfer resistant lipstick is applied to the lips to provide color,moisturization and improved skin feel.

Example VI

An eyeliner of the present invention comprising cross-linked siloxaneelastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane 42.60 Elastomer gel¹Abil WE-09 1.0 Paraffin 17.10 PEG-6 Beeswax 7.70 Diisostearyl DimerDilinoleate 5.60 MICA 5.20 Hydrogenated Caster Oil 4.30 Pigments 11.95Ozokerite 3.40 Ceresin 0.84 Propylparaben 0.12 Methylparaben 0.12 BHT0.05 Total 100.00 ¹5% Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer incyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source and a cover or lid forsealing the vessel, the paraffin, PEG-6 beeswax, diisostearyl dimerdilinoleate, hydrogenated caster oil, ozokerite, ceresin, propylparaben,methylparaben, and BHT are added and heated with mixing to a melttemperature of between 85-90° C. The vessel is sealed and the mixture isheated and mixed using conventional mixing technology until all waxesare melted and the mixture is homogenous. While maintaining thetemperature, the pigments and Abil WE-09 are added with mixing untilhomogenous. The mixture is then milled using conventional millingtechnology until a pigment slurry (or oil/pigment mixture) of desiredpigment particle size is obtained. Next the elastomer gel and mica areadded into the melted wax/oil/pigment mixture with mixing. The vessel isthen re-sealed and heated to return the mixture to the full melttemperature. Once melt temperature is reached the mixture is mixed untilhomogenous. The mixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to coolat room temperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated into theappropriate package.

The eyeliner is applied to the appropriate area around the eye toprovide definition, color, moisturization and improved feel.

Example VII

A long wearing eye shadow of the present invention comprisingcross-linked siloxane elastomer is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % Pearl Mica CF 4.41 Glycerol Ester of Tall Oil Rosin 3.00GE SFE 839 Cross-linked Siloxane 44.6 Elastomer gel¹ PolyethyleneAC-617A 9.14 Beeswax White, Flakes 3.00 Propylparaben, NF 0.10 Tenox BHA0.20 Phenoxyethanol 0.80 Talc 2755 3.00 Magnesium Carbonate 309 2.00Glyceryl Tribehenate 3.42 Paraffin Wax 2.57 Silicone (SF-96-350 Type)1.30 Vanillin 0.01 Lecithin, Liquid 0.54 Aluminum Starch OctenylSuccinate 5.00 Pigment 16.68 Total 100.00 ¹5% Dimethicone/vinyldimethicone cross-polymer in cyclomethicone.

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source, the pearl mica CF,glycerol ester of tall oil rosin, GE SFE 839, polyethylene AC-617A,beeswax white flakes, propylparaben, Tenox BHA, phenoxyethanol, glyceryltribehenate, paraffin wax, silicone oil, vanillin, lecithin, andaluminum starch octenyl succinate are added and heated with mixing usinga Premier Mill Corp. Model 50 laboratory dispersator (Bench Scale Unitwith simplex head) at between 10,000 to 16,000 rpms until a melttemperature of between 85-90° C. is reached. While maintaining the heat,the mixture is mixed at a between 300 to 1,000 rpms until all waxes androsin are melted and the mixture is homogenous. Still maintaining theheat, the pigments, talc and magnesium carbonate are added with mixingat a shear rate of between 10,000 to 16,000 rpms until homogeneous. Themixture is then poured into a mold and allowed to cool at roomtemperature. Once cooled, the mixture incorporated into the appropriatepackage.

The eye shadow is applied to the appropriate area around the eye toprovide color, moisturization and improved feel.

Example VIII

A line-minimizing product that improves the appearance of skin textureis prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % DC9040 cross linked elastomer gel¹ 70.00 Cyclomethicone(DC245) 18.50 Ethylene acrylates copolymer (EA209) 5.00 Sucrose estercottonate (SEFA) 5.00 Alkyl methicone (DC AMS C30 wax) 1.50 Total 100.00

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, the AMS wax and theSEFA are added and heated to 75 deg C with gentle mixing. In a separatevessel, the EA209 particles and the DC245 (cyclomethicone) are added andmixed with gentle mixing to form an EA209/DC245 pre-mix. Once thewax/SEFA mixture is fully molten, the elastomer is added to this mixturewith mixing until homogeneous. The wax/SEFA/elastomer mixture is mixedusing a Heidolph (Model # RZR50) overhead stirrer, or equivalent, on lowspeed (about 50-100 rpms) whilst cooling the mixture to roomtemperature. Once at room temperature, the EA209/DC245 pre-mix and thewax/SEFA mixture are combined and milled using a Turrax T25 on about8000 rpm until homogeneous. The resultant composition is thenincorporate into an appropriate package.

The make-up is applied to provide improved texture and good feel.

Example IX

A line-minimizing product that improves the appearance of skin textureis prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % DC9040 cross linked elastomer gel¹ 70.00 Cyclomethicone(DC245) 18.50 Silica, titanium dioxide, iron oxide 5.00 (Ronasphere LDP)Isoeicosane (Permethyl 102A) 5.00 Alkyl methicone (DC AMS C30 wax) 1.50Total 100.00 ¹13% Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer incyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source, the AMS wax and thePermethyl are added and heated to 75 deg C with gentle mixing. In aseparate vessel, the Ronasphere particles and the DC245 (cyclomethicone)are added and mixed with gentle mixing to form a Ronasphere/DC245pre-mix. Once the wax/Permethyl mixture is fully molten, the elastomeris added to this mixture with mixing until homogeneous. Thewax/Permethyl/elastomer mixture is mixed using a Heidolph (Model #RZR50) overhead stirrer, or equivalent, on low speed (about 50-100 rpms)whilst cooling the mixture to room temperature. Once at roomtemperature, the Ronasphere/DC245 pre-mix and wax/Permethyl/elastomermixture are combined and milled using a Turrax T25 on about 800 rpmuntil homogeneous. The resultant composition is then incorporate into anappropriate package.

The make-up is applied to provide improved texture, feel and a low levelof color.

Example X

A line minimizing make-up that improves skin color and the appearance oftexture is prepared as follows:

Ingredient Wt % DC9040 cross linked elastomer gel¹ 70.00 Cyclomethicone(DC245) 18.50 Silica, titanium dioxide, iron oxide 5.00 (Ronasphere LDP)Isoeicosane (Permethyl 102A) 5.00 Alkyl methicone (DC AMS C30 wax) 1.50Iron oxides-silicone coated 2.00 Titanium dioxide-silicone coated 2.00Total 100.00 ¹13% Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-polymer incyclomethicone

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heat source, the AMS wax and thePermethyl are added and heated to 75 deg C with gentle mixing. In aseparate vessel, the Ronasphere, iron titanium dioxides andcyclomethicone (DC245) are added with gentle mixing to form aRonasphere/iron oxides/titanium dioxide/DC245 pre-mix. Once thewax/Permethyl mixture is fully molten, the elastomer is added to thismixture with mixing until homogeneous. The wax/Permethyl/elastomermixture is mixed using a Heidolph (Model # RZR50) overhead stirrer, orequivalent, on low speed (about 50-100 rpms) whilst cooling the mixtureto room temperature. Once at room temperature, the Ronasphere/ironoxides/titanium dioxide/DC245 pre-mix and the wax/Permethyl mixture arecombined and milled using a Turrax T25 on about 8000 rpm untilhomogeneous. The resultant composition is then incorporated into anappropriate package.

The make-up is applied to provide improved texture, feel and a low levelof color.

Examples XI-XIX

A makeup product is made that is suitable for application to the face toreduce the appearance of oily shine.

XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX Ingredient Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt% Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % DC9040 Silicone 20.00 30.00 20.00 25.00 30.0030.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 Elastomer Gel Cyclopentasiloxane 16.03 23.2519.53 42.75 36.00 21.03 17.75 10.03 9.75 Isoeicosane 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.005.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Dimethicone Copolyol 0.50 1.00 — — 0.75 1.502.00 4.00 8.00 Vitamin E Acetate 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500.50 Particulates Ethylene & Acrylic 10.00 10.00 10.00 5.00 5.00 10.0010.00 10.00 10.00 Acid Copolymer microspheres (EA209) Silica andTitanium 2.00 — — 5.00 2.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Dioxide and Iron Oxides(Ronasphere LDP) Silica 3.00 3.00 2.00 — — — — — — Magnesium Aluminum —2.00 — — — — — — — Silicate Allyl methacrylates 3.00 3.00 — 2.00 2.002.00 2.00 copolymer Acrylates copolymer 1.00 — — 2.00 — 3.00 3.00 3.003.00 Nylon 12 5.00 1.00 — 2.00 — — — — Aluminum Starch 1.00 2.00 — — —1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 Succinate Treated powders* 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.001.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Film-forming agents Polysilicone 7 17.00 — 17.00 — —— — — — Pressure Sensitive — — — — 3.00 — — — — Adhesive Silicone Resin— — — — — — 5.00 5.00 5.00 Solidifying agents Ozokerite 2.00 2.00 — — —— — — — Stearyl Dimethicone — — — 2.00 — — — — — Humectants & skin-conditioning agents Glycerin 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.0010.00 10.00 Niacinamide 2.00 3.50 5.00 — 2.00 3.50 5.00 5.00 5.00Panthenol 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 PreservativesDisodium EDTA 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 MethylParaben 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Benzyl Alcohol 0.250.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Propyl Paraben 0.10 0.10 0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Ethyl Paraben 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.200.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Sunscreens Butyl 2.00 — 2.00 — — 2.00 — 2.00 —Methoxydibenzoylmethane Octyl Salicylate 0.50 — 0.50 — — 0.50 — 0.50 —Octocrylene 1.00 — 1.00 — — 1.00 — 1.00 — Phenylbenzimidazole 0.60 —0.60 — — 0.60 — 0.60 — Sulphonic Acid Triethanolamine 0.62 — 0.62 — —0.62 — 0.62 — Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00100.00 100.00 *= Mixture of iron oxides and titanium dioxides

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, mix the DC9040,cyclomethicone (DC245), dimethicone copolyol, Isoeicosane, vitamin Eacetate and film formers until homogeneous. Next, add the preservativesand glycerine and skin conditioning agents to the above mixture and mixuntil homogenous. Heat the mixture to a temperature of between 85-90°C., at which time the solidifying agent (if used) should be added(melted into the mixture) with mixing until the mixture is homogenous.Add the particulate materials to the mixture and mix until homogeneous.Add the sunscreen materials if used and mix until homogeneous. Cool themixture to room temperature. Once cooled, incorporate the mixture intothe appropriate package.

Examples XX-XXVIII

A makeup product is made that is suitable for application to the face toreduce the appearance of oily shine.

XX XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII XXVIII Ingredient Wt % Wt % Wt %Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt % DC9040 Silicone 20.00 30.00 20.00 25.0030.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 Elastomer Gel Cyclopentasiloxane 15.3622.58 18.86 42.08 32.33 21.86 19.08 13.36 17.08 Isoeicosane 5.00 5.005.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Dimethicone 0.50 1.00 — — 0.75Copolyol (Abil EM 90) Vitamin E Acetate 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.500.50 0.50 0.50 Particulates Silica and Titanium 2.00 — — 0.00 0.00 5.005.00 5.00 5.00 Dioxide and Iron Oxides (Ronasphere LDP) Silica 3.00 3.002.00 — — — — — — Magnesium — 2.00 — — — — — — — Aluminum Silicate Allylmethacrylates 3.00 3.00 — 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 copolymer Acrylatescopolymer 1.00 — — 2.00 — 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Nylon 12 5.00 1.00 — 2.00— — — — Aluminum Starch 1.00 2.00 — — — 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 SuccinateTitanium Dioxide 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 8.25 YellowIron Oxide 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 2.41 Red Iron Oxide0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 Black Iron Oxide 0.12 0.120.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 Film-forming agents Polysilicone 717.00 — 17.00 — — — — — — Pressure Sensitive — — — — 3.00 — — — —Adhesive Silicone Resin — — — — — — 5.00 5.00 5.00 Solidifying agentsOzokerite 2.00 2.00 — 2.00 — — — — — Humectants & skin- conditioningagents Glycerin 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00Niacinamide 2.00 3.50 5.00 — 2.00 3.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 Panthenol 0.501.00 0.50 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Presentatives Disodium EDTA 0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Methyl Paraben 0.10 0.10 0.100.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Benzyl Alcohol 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.250.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Propyl Paraben 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.100.10 0.10 Ethyl Paraben 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20Sunscreens Butyl 2.00 — 2.00 — — 2.00 — 2.00 — MethoxydibenzoylmethaneOctyl Salicylate 0.50 — 0.50 — — 0.50 — 0.50 — Octoctylene 1.00 — 1.00 —— 1.00 — 1.00 — Phenylbenzimidazole 0.60 — 0.60 — — 0.60 — 0.60 —Sulphonic Acid Triethanolamine 0.62 — 0.62 — — 0.62 — 0.62 — Total100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

In a suitable vessel equipped with a heating source, mix the DC9040,cyclomethicone (DC245), dimethicone copolyol, Isoeicosane, vitamin Eacetate and film forming agents until homogeneous. Next, add thepreservatives, glycerine and skin conditioning agents to the abovemixture and mix until homogenous. Heat the mixture to a temperature ofbetween 85-90° C., at which time add the solidifying agent (if used) andmix until the mixture homogenous. Add the particulate materials to themixture and mix until homogeneous. Add the sunscreen materials if usedand mix until homogeneous. Cool the mixture to room temperature. Oncecooled, incorporate the mixture into the appropriate package.

What is claimed is:
 1. An anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising: (i)at least one fatty or oil phase comprising: (a.) from about 0.1 to about10% of non-spherical crosslinked sioxane elstomer having a particle sizeof from above 10 to about 200 microns wherein the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer is capable of swelling and absorbing greater than 30% byweight of a solvent fluid, (b.) from about 10 to about 80% of a solventfor the crosslinked siloxane elastomer, wherein the solvent forms a gelwith the crosslinked siloxane elastomer having yield point of at least50 Pa; (ii) from about 0.1% to about 10% of an emulsifier; (iii) fromabout 0.1% to about 50% of a humectant (iv) optionally, from 0 to about50% of skin conditioning agent; (v) from about 0.1% to about 30%pigment; and (vi) from 0 to about 5% water  wherein the composition hasa yield point from about 100 to about 4000 Pa. and wherein the oil orfatty phase of the composition contains less than 10% by weight solidmaterials and further wherein the gel formed by the solvent andcrosslinked siloxane elastomer provides an even, uniform distribution ofthe pigments in the film and, prior to film drying, the pigments areembedded in the film such that substantially no pigment resides on orprotrudes through the surface of the film.
 2. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 1 wherein the crosslinked siloxaneelastomer is non-emulsifying.
 3. An anhydrous cosmetic compositionaccording to claim 1 wherein the skin conditioning agent is selectedfrom the group consisting of exfoliants, emollients and mixturesthereof.
 4. An anhydrous cosmetic composition according to claim 1wherein the humectant is selected from the group consisting of propyleneglycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol,sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, glycerin,1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin,propoxylated glycerin and mixtures thereof.
 5. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 1 wherein the emulsifier is apolyoxyalkylene copolymer.
 6. An anhydrous cosmetic compositionaccording to claim 5 wherein the polyoxyalkylene copolymer isdimethicone copolyol.
 7. An anhydrous cosmetic composition according toclaim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting oftalc, mica, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium silicate,aluminum magnesium silicate, silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, rediron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black iron oxide, ultramarine, nylonpowder, polyethylene powder, methacrylate powder, polystyrene powder,silk powder, crystalline cellulose, starch, titanated mica, iron oxidetitanated mica, bismuth oxychloride, pearl, pearl mica, interferencepigments and mixtures thereof.
 8. An anhydrous cosmetic compositionaccording to claim 1 that further comprises a preservative.
 9. Ananhydrous cosmetic composition according to claim 8 wherein thepreservative is selected from the group consisting of disodium EDTA,phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea,sodium dehydroacetate, para-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives,propionate salts, quaternary ammonium compounds, benzyl alcohol andmixtures thereof.
 10. An anhydrous cosmetic composition according toclaim 1 that further comprises fillers.
 11. An anhydrous cosmeticcomposition according to claim 1 in the form of a foundation, mascara,concealer, eyeliner, brow color, eye shadow, blusher, lip paint orlipstick.
 12. A cosmetic composition according to claim 1 wherein saidcomposition further comprises an active selected from the groupconsisting of a sunscreen active, a film forming agent, a shine controlagent, and combinations thereof.
 13. An anhydrous cosmetic compositioncomprising: (i) at least one fatty or oil phase comprising: (a.) fromabout 0.1 to about 10% of non-spherical crosslinked siloxane having aparticle size of from above 10 to about 200 microns wherein thecrosslinked siloxane elastomer is capable of swelling and absorbinggreater than 30% by weight of a solvent fluid; (b.) from about 10 toabout 80% of a solvent for the crosslinked siloxane elastomer, whereinthe solvent forms a gel with the cosslinked siloxane elastomer havingyield point of at least 50 Pa; (ii) from about 0.1% to about 10% of anemulsifier; (iii) optionally, from 0 to about 50% of skin conditioningagent; (iv) from about 0.01% to about 30% of organic spherical particleshaving a particle size of greater than 10 microns: (v) from about 0.1%to about 30% pigment: and (vi) from 0 to about 5% water  wherein thecomposition has a yield point from about 100 to about 4000 Pa. andwherein the gel formed by the solvent and crosslinked siloxane elastomerprovides an even, uniform distribution of the pigments in the film andprior to film drying the pigments are embedded in the film such thatsubstantially no pigment resides on or protrudes through the surface ofthe film.